FBI iri gukoresha application ya baringa yitwa'Anom' mu gatahura amabandi

Umukwabu udasanzwe ku isi umaze gufata abarenga 800 muri operation ‘Trojan Shield’ Nkuko Washington yabitangaje ku mugoroba wok u wa 8 Kamena 2021, abantu amagana bamaze gutabwa muri yombi hirya no hino ku isi, nyuma y’uko ibihugu birimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, Canada, Australia, New Zealand n’ibyo mu Burayi birimo Swede bihuje umugambi wo guhiga bukware amabandi hirya no hino ku isi. Kugira ngo uyu mugambi ugerweho hifashishijwe ibiro by’ubutasi by’abanyamerika bya FBI. Troy ni umuturage wabaga atuye mu mujyi wa Troy wari uherereye mu Bugereki. Uyu muturage yarangwaga no kwihangana akihambira ku bintu bikomeye kandi akerekana imbaraga. Hari inkuru ihora igaruka mu mateka y’abagereki y’intambara yiswe Trojan War yashyamiranyije abatuye Troy na Paris.

Iki gihe umugore Helena yari yambuwe umugabo we Menelaus wari umwami wa Sparta. Iyo ntambara yamaze imyaka mu gihe cya Age de metaux.Iyi ntambara ni imwe mu nkuru zihora zigaruka mu mateka y’ubugereki. Binavugwako ariyo ntambara yaranzwe n’isibaniro rikomeye none mu isi ya none iteye imbere ibitero simusiga bihambaye bikaba bisigaye biyiyitirira. Ku rundi ruhande hari abanyamateka basobanura ko ari inkuru zo kwamamaza ubuhangange bw’ubugereki bwo hambere. Tugaruke kuri operasiyo ya Trojan Shield imaze iminsi ibiri ibaye. Ku ikubitiro, hatanzwe mu ibanga Apulikasiyo (application) ya baringa yitwa ‘ANOM’ nuko ikwirakwizwa muri telefone z’abakekwaho kuba abagizi ba nabi, ubujura n’abacuruza ibiyobyabwenge, bituma polisi igenzura ibiganiro byabo byose hirya no hino ku isi batabizi. Ubu butasi bukomeye bwari bumaze igihe buteguwe, bwatumye habaho imikwabu y’ibanga mu bihugu bibarirwa hagati ya 16 na 18 ku isi muri Operasiyo yiswe ‘Trojan Shield’. Mu Bari bakurikiranywe harimo abacyekwaho gukorana n’imitwe y’aba ‘Mafia’, amatsinda y’ubugizibwanabi bwinshi butegurwa n’abakomeye, abacuruza ibiyobyabwenge, intwaro n’amafaranga. Mu gihugu cya Australia honyine ubwaho, hafashwe abantu bagera 224, nyuma y’iyi Operasiyo, Minisitiri w’intebe w’iki gihugu Scott Morrison yavuzeko iki gikorwa ari icy’impinduka.’ Iyi Application yatumye hatahurwa abantu barenga 800 umunsi umwe ku isi, ni FBI yatangiye kuyikoresha nk’umurongo wayo bwite w’itumanaho rya ‘app’ yiyorobetse yitwa ‘ANOM’, iyi Application yatangiye gukoreshwa mu ibanga ikwirakwizwa mu bacyekwaho gukora ubugizi bwa nabi n’ibindi, iyi Application yagezwaga muri telefone z’abakekwa hifashishijwe ba maneko ba FBI na bamwe mu bapolisi bari muri icyo gikorwa.

Application ya ‘ANOM’yakoreshejwe nyuma y’uko inzego zishinzwe umutekano zishenye serivisi ebyiri z’itumanaho ryakoreshwaga n’amwe mu mabandi mu gucura umugambi, ryiyorobetse, ibyatumye, amwe mu mabandi agana ku isoko gushakisha izindi telefone zitekanye zitabasha kwinjirirwa. Gusa kugira ngo uyu mupango wo guhisha ‘Application’ muri telefone z’amabandi ugerweho, ku ikubitiro zabanje gushyirwa muri telefone zakoreshwaga n’abafatwa nk’abakuru muri bo, bituma na bagenzi babo bari hasi bagira icyizere cyo gukoresha urwo rubuga nta rwikekwe. Ibi bibaye telefone 12.000 zikoresha ubwo bwoko bw’itumanaho ryiyorobetse rya ‘ANOM’, zikaba zarakoreshejwe n’amatsinda arenga 300 y’abacyekwaho kuba abagizi ba nabi yo mu bihugu birenga 100 ku isi hose. Mu byo aba bafashwe bagiye bafatanwa, harimo ibiyobyabwenge, imbunda, amafaranga ibikoresho byagiye byamburwa abantu birimo amamoto n’ibindi. Nko muri Australia honyine Polisi yaho yafashe toni eshatu z’ibiyobyabwenge. Amafaranga yafashwe, aragera kuri miliyoni 48 z’amadolari, mu manyarwanda, aya ararenga Miliyari 47.

Ubu butasi butahura abajura n’amabandi ku isi, batezwe ‘application’ yo muri telefone, bwahawe izina rya Operasiyo ‘Trojan Shield’ bwatangijwe muri 2018 buturutse mu biro by’ubutasi by’abanyamerika(FBI). Aho bwaje gushyirwamo ingufu cyane muri 2020 na 2021. Abapolisi bagera ku bihumbi 9 ku isi hose nibo bagize uruhare mu gutahura aba barenga 800 bakekwaho ubujura n’ububandi, abafashwe bose mu bihugu birimo Australia, Canada, Swedin na New Zealand bahise batabwa muri yombi. Byitezwe ko FBI iri butangaje andi makuru yisumbuye kuri uyu mukwabu wo gutahura amabandi hirya no hiryo ku isi mu minsi iri imbere. Operasiyo yiswe Trojan Shield yatwaye $120,000 mu kugabanya igihano cyo gufungwa. Uwakoze app yoherezwa muri smartphone yakoranye bya hafi na FBI mu 2018. Imyaka itatu ishize , iperereza ryitabiriwe n’abashyira mu bikorwa amategeko basaga 9,000 bo mu bihugu 17. Barebye ubutumwa bwoherezwa kuri telefoni bungana na message miliyoni 27 bwo muri telefoni zigezweho 12,000 mu bihugu 100. Haje gufatwa ibisambo 300 biri mu matsinda kabuhariwe yo kwiba no kwica. Ubu hamaze gufatwa abarenga 800. Hamaze gufatwa toni 8 za cocaine, toni 22 z’urumogi, toni 2 z’ibisindisha by’ibikorano, imbunda 250, imodoka zihenze 55, amadolali miliyoni 48 y’amibano, ayo mu bwoko bwa cryptocurremcies n’andi agishakishwa. Mu myaka 10 ishize amatsinda y’amabandi yakoreshaga za phantom mu gutegura ibitero byo kwiba no gusahura. Nyinshi muri izi telefoni zakoreshwaga kuzifata byarashobokaga mu gihe hakorwa app yo kuzoherezamo ibyo baganira bikajya biza mu maboko y’inzego zishinzwe iperereza. Kuva ubwo FBI yahise ifata umwanzuro wo kuzikorera app yo gukoresha mu guhiga ibisambo. Iyo app yakozwe yari igamije kujya ikusanya ubutumwa buhererekanywa na bya bisambo, n’abagizi ba nabi mu gucura imigambi mibisha. Ikiguzi cya ya app gihagaze $1,700 mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu yo kuyitunga muri telefoni yawe igezweho. Mu 2018 muri Australia abagenzacyaha ba polisi, n’abandi bafite aho bahuriye n’iperereza bagiranye ibiganiro na FBI. Umuyobozi wa polisi ya Australia witwa Reece Kershaw yasobanuye ukuntu bamaze gusoma ku gasembuye bungutse ibitekerezo byinshi by’uburyo bakoresha mu gufata ba ruharwa bayogoje za banki n’udutsiko tw’amabandi yica inzirakarengane. Iyi app yubatswe yiswe Anom ikajya yoherezwa muri za telefoni z’abakekwa niyo iri gutanga umusaruro mu gufata abajura aho bari hose ku isi.

Hari ibihugu birimo ubutaliyani basanze bifite amabandi kabuhariwe yakoreshaga imbunda mu kwica no gusahura abaturage. Amwe mu mafoto yerekana inzira ibiyobyabwenge bigomba kunyuramo byambutswe imipaka ari mu bintu byitaweho bwa mbere na ya app yoherejwe muri telefoni z’ibisambo. Mu kwezi kwa gatatu uyu mwaka iyi app yakoreshwaga n’abantu 3,000 ariko ubu bamaze kugera ku 9,000. Ese babikora gute mu kugenzura ibiganiro biri hagati y’abakekwa? App ya Anom yoherezwa muri telefoni yawe, ubutumwa bwose ugirana n’uwo musanzwe muganira buhita bujya kuri telefoni na mashini z’abakozi ba FBI noneho bakagenzura niba ari imigambi y’ubucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge wenda bigiye kuvanwa mu gihugu runaka bijya gucururizwa mu kindi. Aha rero abantu benshi baba bashakishwa ni amabandi, mafia n’amatsinda y’abicanyi. Ugomba kumenya umunyabyaha kugirango umenye uko umuneka. Muri Australia uwitwa Hakan Ayik ni we wabaye ikiraro cyo kugeza inzego z’iperereza kuri ya mabandi basanzwe bakorana. Uyu mugabo yoherejwe muri Turukiya, bamuha umugore mwiza w’umudage baryana iraha ariko agamije kwegera amabandi bari basanzwe bakorana ngo atange imyirondoro yabo kuri za nzego z’iperereza. Yaje gukorana bya hafi na FBI n’inzego zishinzwe ubutasi muri Australia kugeza hafashwe benshi mu bo bakoranaga. Imyaka itatu irashize , ubutumwa bwoherezwa kuri telefoni bugenzurwa. Imigambi mibisha yo kugaba ibitero igatahurwa, inzira zo kunyuzamo ibiyobyabwenge zigatahurwa mu gihe cya nyacyo. Benshi mu nzirakarengane bararokorwa, abari kugirirwa nabi bagatabarwa.

Nibura abapolisi 9000 ku isi yose bari muri uyu mugambo wo gutahura abagizi ba nabi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. Calvin Shivers uyobora ishami rishinzwe gukumira ibyaha muri FBI aherutse gusobanura ko imigambi y’abagizi ba nabi iburizwamo bakiri ku meza bayitegura. Kuri ubu, uburyo bwose bukoreshwa mu kwambutsa ibiyobyabwenge mu bwato bunini ariko butwaye imbuto muri zo bagahishamo ibiyobyawenge buri gutahurwa umunsi ku wundi. Nkubu muri Australia abantu 224 bafatanywe za cocaine, amatsinda ya mafia yarimo ategura umugambi wo gutera za banki bakumiriwe batarabikora. Hafashwe ibiyobyabwenge bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 45$, harokorwa abantu 20 bari bapangiwe kwicwa bazira ubusa. Abenshi bafatirwa muri uyu mugambi ntibatangazwa ariko iyi operasiyo yiswe Trojan Shield abakora mu nzego z’iperereza bari kuyirahira ko iri gutanga umusaruro.

Nko muri Swede hafashwe abantu 70 bari bibumbiye mu matsinda y’abagizi ba nabi bari mu mugambi wo kwica abantu barenga 10 bazira ubusa. Mu Buholande hafashwe abantu 49 barimo bategura ibikorwa byo kwiba no gutera rubanda ndetse no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge. FBI yakoze app yitwa Anom iyigurisha ku mabandi makuru noneho bakajya bakangurira bagenzi babo kuyikoresha kuko bari babeshyweko yizewe umutekano wayo. Yoherejwe muri telefoni zirenga 12000 z’amatsinda yari asanzwe azwi y’amabandi ari mu bihugu birenga 100. Umukwabo w’iminsi ibiri waje kwitwa operasiyo Trojan Shield watanze umusaruro utari witezwe mbere yo gutangiza ubwo buryo.